• Transformation: Complex to Compound

  A complex sentence is characterized by one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

  একটি Complex sentence এ একটি independent clause এবং কমপক্ষে একটি dependent clause থাকে।

  Such as, I will wait here until you come.

  On the other hand, a compound sentence is characterized by at least two independent clauses which can be used as separate sentences and are connected with coordinating conjunctions.

  পক্ষান্তরে একটি compound sentence এ কমপক্ষে দুটি independent clause থাকে যারা পৃথক sentence হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে এবং  coordinating conjunction দিয়ে  যুক্ত থাকে ।

  Such as, Listening to music and singing songs are my hobbies.

  The rules for transforming complex sentence to compound sentence are discussed below.

  Complex sentence কে compound sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম নীচে বর্ণিত হলো ।

  Rule 1:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “though”/”Although” থাকলে, compound sentence “but”/”yet” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।	Complex: Though he is poor, he is happy. Compound: He is poor, but he is happy. Complex: Although she is ill, she worked very hard. Compound: She is ill, yet she worked very hard. Complex: Though the class was lengthy, the class was enjoyable. Compound: The class was lengthy, but it was enjoyable.

  Rule 2:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর মাঝে যদি “lest” থাকে এবং person এর পরে “should” থাকে তবে compound sentence এ conjunction “or”/”otherwise” ব্যবহার করে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় clause এ future tense হয় ।	Complex: Study hard lest you should fail. Compound: Study hard, or you will fail. Complex: Practice hard lest you should be out of the cricket team. Compound: Practice hard otherwise you will be out of the cricket team.

  Rule 3:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “As soon as” থাকলে, compound sentence “and” conjunction দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।	Complex: As soon as the rain stopped, we started the journey. Compound: The rain stopped, and we started the journey. Complex: As soon as the crowd saw the hero, they started shouting. Compound: The crowd saw the hero and started shouting.

  Rule 4:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে “since”/”as”/”when” থাকলে, compound sentence “and”/”so”/”hence”/”therefore” দিয়ে পৃথক clause গুলোকে যুক্ত করে ।	Complex: Study hard lest you should fail. Compound: Study hard, or you will fail. Complex: Practice hard lest you should be out of the cricket team. Compound: Practice hard otherwise you will be out of the cricket team.

  Rule 5:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এ relative pronoun “who” থাকলে, compound sentence সে স্থানে “and” ব্যবহার করে এবং প্রথম clause এর object দ্বিতীয় clause এর subject হয়ে যায় ।	Complex: I saw a girl who was singing. Compound: I saw a girl, and she was singing. Complex: I have a friend who is a writer. Compound: I have a friend, and she is a writer.

  Rule 6:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এ relative pronoun “who” থাকলে, compound sentence সে স্থানে “and” ব্যবহার করে এবং প্রথম clause এর object দ্বিতীয় clause এর subject হয়ে যায় ।	Complex: I saw a girl who was singing. Compound: I saw a girl, and she was singing. Complex: I have a friend who is a writer. Compound: I have a friend, and she is a writer.
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে  “if” ও এর পরে first or third person থাকলে  এবং তা যদি negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে  তবে compound করার সময় এই structure follow করা হয় “Let+ pronoun এর object form + subordinate clause এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause” ।	Complex: If I do not go there I will be unable to learn it. Compound: let me go there or/otherwise I will be unable to learn it. Complex: if I do not study hard I will be unable to get good marks. Compound: Let me study hard or/otherwise I will be unable to get good marks.

  Rule 7:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে  “if” ও এর পরে first or third person থাকলে  এবং তা যদি affirmative form  এ থাকে  তবে compound করার সময় এই structure follow করা হয়, “Let+ pronoun  এর object form + দুই  clauses এর  মাঝে “and” + main clause” ।	Complex: If I go there, I will be able to learn it. Compound: let me go there, and I will be able to learn it. Complex: if I study hard, I will be able to get good marks. Compound: Let me study hard, and I will be able to get good marks.

  Rule 8:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে  “if” ও এর পরে second person থাকলে  এবং তা যদি negative অর্থ প্রকাশ করে  তবে compound করার সময় “If you do not” উঠে গিয়ে verb এর affirmative form + or/otherwise + main clause হয় ।	Complex: If you do not study hard, you will fail. Compound: Study hard, or you will fail. Complex: If you do not practice more, you cannot become a good singer. Compound: Practice more, or you cannot become a good singer.

  Rule 9:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে  “if” ও এর পরে second person থাকলে  এবং তা যদি affirmative form এ থাকে তবে compound করার সময় “If you do not” উঠে গিয়ে verb এর affirmative form + and + main clause হয় ।	Complex: If you study hard, you will get good marks. Compound: Study hard, and you will get good marks. Complex: If you read more, your writing capability will increase. Compound: Read more, and your writing capability will increase.

  Rule 10:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence যদি “so…that” form এ থাকে তবে compound sentence এই নিয়ম follow করবে, “so” এর স্থানে “very “; “that” এর স্থানে ”and” +so/hence/therefore + main clause ।	Complex: I am so tired that I cannot work. Compound: I am very tired, and so/hence/therefore I cannot work. Complex: The place is so crowded that I cannot find a place to stand. Compound: The place is very crowded, and so/hence/therefore I cannot find a place to stand.

  Rule 11:

  Description	Example
  Complex sentence এর শুরুতে  “Unless” ও এর পরে second person (you) থাকলে , compound sentence এই structure follow করবে,  “Unless ও you উঠে যাবে + দুই clause এর মাঝে ”or” + main clause ।	Complex: I am so tired that I cannot work. Compound: I am very tired, and so/hence/therefore I cannot work. Complex: The place is so crowded that I cannot find a place to stand. Compound: The place is very crowded, and so/hence/therefore I cannot find a place to stand.

   

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