Transformation: Compound to Simple
A compound sentence is characterized by at least two independent clauses which can be used as separate sentences and are connected with coordinating conjunctions.
একটি compound sentence এ কমপক্ষে দুটি independent clause থাকে যারা পৃথক sentence হিসেবে ব্যবহৃত হতে পারে এবং coordinating conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে ।
Such as: Listening to music and singing songs are my hobbies.
On the other hand, a simple sentence is characterized by only one independent clause and no dependent clause.
Such as: Listening to music is my hobby.
The rules for transforming compound sentence to simple sentence are discussed below.
Compound sentence কে simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার নিয়ম নীচে বর্ণিত হলো ।
Rule 1:
| Description | Example |
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যদি compound sentence এ বোঝানো হয় যে কেউ দুটো কাজ করছে, একটি আগে ও আরেকটি পরে এবং “and” conjunction দিয়ে যুক্ত থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ রূপান্তরিত করার সময় প্রথম verb এর সাথে “ing” যোগ করে প্রথম clause টিকে সংক্ষিপ্ত করা হয় এবং দ্বিতীয় clause এর Tense ব্যবহৃত হয় । |
Compound: I went there and met her. Simple: Going there I met her. Compound: She will go to the office and will do the work. Simple: Going to the office she will do the work. Compound: She will go to the theatre and watch the play. Simple: Going to the theatre she will watch the play. |
Rule 2:
| Description | Example |
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If the compound sentence has “not only..….but also”, the simple sentence will use “besides being.” Compound sentence এ “not only..….but also” থাকলে, simple sentence এ “besides being” ব্যবহার করা হবে। |
Compound: The girl is not only beautiful but also intelligent. Simple: Besides being beautiful the girl is intelligent. Compound: She is not only a brilliant student but also a good singer. Simple: Besides being a brilliant student she is a good singer. Compound: He is not only a good writer but also an outstanding lecturer. Simple: Besides being a good writer he is an outstanding lecturer. |
Rule 3:
| যদি compound sentence এ conjunction “but” দিয়ে দুটো ভিন্ন clause যুক্ত থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ শুরুতে “in spite of”, এর পরে person অনুযায়ী my/his/her + subordinate clause এর adjective এর noun form + main clause ব্যবহার করা হবে। |
Compound: The book was long but interesting. Simple: In spite of being long the book was interesting. Compound: He was ill, but he came for rehearsal. Simple: In spite of his illness he came for rehearsal. |
Rule 4:
| যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, ”person must do….or/otherwise person will not…..” , তবে simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “ person must do….to + কাজটি করার ফলাফল । |
Compound: You must study hard or/otherwise, you will not get good marks in the exam. Simple: You must study hard to get good marks in the exam. Compound: He must run fast or/otherwise, he will not win the race. Simple: He must run fast to win the race. |
Rule 5:
| যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, ”person must (do)….or/otherwise person will + verb এর simple form…..” or , ”person must do……or/otherwise person will be + verb এর past participle form, simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, ”person must (do)….to escape/avoid……” । |
Compound: You must practice hard or/otherwise, you will lose the game. Simple: You must practice hard to escape losing the game. Compound: He must work hard or/otherwise, he will be suspended. Simple: He must work hard to avoid suspension. Compound: The thief must run away or/otherwise, he will be beaten. Simple: The thief must run away to avoid being beaten. |
Rule 6:
| যদি compound sentence প্রথমে কোনো কাজ করার কারণ উল্লেখ করে, কাজ করার ফলাফলকে conjunction “and ” দিয়ে যুক্ত করে, তবে simple sentence এই structure follow করবে, “ Being + adjective (কারণ)+ main clause। |
Compound: He was guilty, and he ran away. Simple: Being guilty he ran away. Compound: He was very happy, and he started to dance. Simple: Being so happy he started to dance. |
Rule 7:
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যদি compound sentence এ “so”/”therefore” থাকে এবংএর আগে কারণ ও পরে কাজ করার ফলাফল থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ “for” থাকবে এবং এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল ও পরে কারণ থাকবে। In the above sentence, the result is “the praising of boss”, and the cause is “his(a person’s) hard work”. |
Compound: He worked hard, so the boss praised him. Compound: He worked hard, and therefore the boss praised him. Simple: The boss praised him for his hard work. Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet, so she is very popular among people. Compound: The singer’s voice is sweet therefore she is very popular among people. Simple: The singer is very popular among people for her sweet voice. |
Rule 8:
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যদি compound sentence এ conjunction “and” ব্যবহার করে এর আগে কোন কাজ করার ফলাফল ও পরে কারণ থাকে, তবে simple sentence এ “to” ব্যবহার হবে ও বাকি সবকিছু একই থাকবে। |
Compound: She came here and met me. Simple: She came here to meet me. Simple: She studied hard to get good marks. Compound: She studied hard and got good marks. |
Rule 9:
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যদি compound sentence এই structure follow করে, “person must not be+ adjective + or/otherwise + person will not be…….”, simple sentence শুরুতে “In the event of being”+ adjective+ main clause ব্যবহার করবে । |
Compound: You must not be late or/ otherwise you will not be allowed to participate in the meeting. Simple: In the event of being late you will not be allowed to participate in the meeting. Compound: You must not be lazy or/ otherwise you will not be allowed on the team. Simple: In the event of being lazy you will not be allowed on the team. |
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