• Rules of Right forms of verbs for JSC/SSC/HSC Exams

  English Lecture: Verb is main part & has supreme role in English language. The other parts of sentence are important but verb is center of every sentence. Mainly verb helps the sentence to change its voice, tense, mod, narration and sentence. We see there are two kinds of verb in English grammar where main verb and the another is auxiliary verb. You cannot make a sentence without a verb. Main verb is independent & it does not require any help to express the full thought. On the other hand, auxiliary verb always helps the main verb for fulfilment of expression. Main verb is also called as Principal verb.   

  Bangla Lecture:  ইংরেজি ভাষায় একটি Sentence-এ ব্যবহূত প্রতিটি word-ই কোনো না কোনো কাজ করে থাকে। প্রতিটি word-এর মধ্যে verb সবচেয়ে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ। সাধারণত যে word দ্বারা কোনো কিছু করা, হওয়া, থাকা, বোঝায় তাকে verb বলে। Verb is the heart of sentence. তাই verb-কে বাক্যের প্রাণ বলা হয়ে থাকে। Latin শব্দ verbum থেকে এই শব্দটির উৎপত্তি। বাক্যের গঠনশৈলীতে noun-এর পরই verb-এর স্থান। Noun, pronoun ও object-কে বিশেষভাবে গতিশীল করে রাখে এই verb। Verb ছাড়া কোনো sentence তৈরি করা যায় না। Verb-গুলো সাধারণত voice, tense, mood, narration ও Sentence পরিবর্তনে সহায়তা করে থাকে। একটি sentence-এ দুই ধরনের verb ব্যবহূত হতে পারে। যেমন: Principle verb ও Auxiliary verb.

  Principle verb: যে verb-এর নিজস্ব অর্থ থাকে না, বিভিন্ন প্রকাশের জন্য অন্যের ওপর নির্ভর করতে হয় না, তাকে principle verb বলে। Example: Mina helps us.	Auxiliary verb: যে verb-এর নিজস্ব অর্থ থাকে না, বিভিন্ন প্রকার sentence অথবা tense, voice বা mood-এর রূপ গঠনের জন্য অন্য verb-কে সাহায্য করে থাকে, তাকে Auxiliary verb বলে। Example : Rana is writing an application.
  Note: তোমাদের মনে রাখতে হবে, একই verb, Principle and Auxiliary দুইভাবেই ব্যবহূত হতে পারে। যেমন: I am a student. এখানে ‘am’ Principle verb. আবার, I am writing a letter. এখানে ‘am’ Auxiliary verb. Principle verb ও Auxiliary verb ছাড়াও Finite verb, Non-Finite verb, Transitive verb ও Intransitive verb রয়েছে। এগুলো বাক্য গঠনের ক্ষেত্রে অগ্রণী ভূমিকা পালন করে থাকে।

  Rules & Example of Right form verb:

  Rule 1:

  Description	Example
  Sentence যদি Present indefinite tense হয় এবং Subject যদি Third Person singular number হয়, তবে verb-এর সঙ্গে s/es যুক্ত হয়।	Q: She (write) a letter. A: She writes a letter. Q: The baby (cry). A : The baby cries.

  Rule 2:

  Description	Example
  Before দ্বারা দুটি Past tense যুক্ত থাকলে before-এর আগের অংশে Past perfect tense এবং পরের অংশ Past indefinite tense হয়।	Q : We (reach) our school before the bell rang. A : We had reached our school before the bell rang. The patient had died before the doctor (come). Ans.: The patient had died before the doctor came.

  Rule 3:

  Description	Example
  After দ্বারা দুটি Past tense যুক্ত থাকলে এর আগের অংশ Past indefinite tense এবং পরের অংশ Past perfect tense হয়।	Q: They arrived the station after the train (leave). A: They arrived the station after the train had left. Q: The patient (die) after the doctor had come. A: The patient died after the doctor had come.

  Rule 4:

  Description	Example
  No sooner had …………. than, Scarcely had ………. when, Hardly had ………. when—প্রথম অংশ Past perfect tense অনুযায়ী হয়, অর্থাৎ verb-এর Past participle form হবে। দ্বিতীয় অংশ Past indefinite tense অনুযায়ী হয়, অর্থাৎ verb-এর Past form হয়।	Q: No sooner had the bell (ring) than the teacher (enter) the classroom. A: No sooner had the bell rung than the teacher entered the classroom. Q: Scarcely had he (arrive) at the bus stand when the bus (leave). A: Scarcely had he arrived at the bus stand when the bus left. Q: Hardly had the snatcher (take) the chain when he (run) away. A: Hardly had the snatcher taken the chain when he ran away.

  Rule 5:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত since দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since-এর আগের অংশ Present indefinite/Present perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ Past indefinite tense হয়।	Q: It is many years since he (give) up smoking. A: It is many years since he gave up smoking. Q: Five years have passed since he (leave) the house. A: Five years have passed since he left the house.

  Rule 6:

  Description	Example
  আবার since দ্বারা clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since-এর আগে clause বা বাক্যের অংশ Past indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ verb -এর Past perfect tense হয়।	Q: It is many years since he (give) up smoking. A: It is many years since he gave up smoking. Q: Five years have passed since he (leave) the house. A: Five years have passed since he left the house.

  Rule 7:

  Description	Example
  Passive voice-এ সর্বদা verb-এর past participle form হয়।	This work was (do) by him. Ans.: This work was done by him. The problem has been (solve) by him. Ans.: The problem has been solved by him.

  Rule 8:

  Description	Example
  Simple sentence-এ দুটি verb থাকলে দ্বিতীয় verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয় অথবা দ্বিতীয় verbটির আগে to বসে।	He saw the boy (play) in the field. Ans.: He saw the boy playing in the field. I heard him (speak). Ans.: I heard him speaking.

  Rule 9:

  Description	Example
  দ্বিতীয় verbটি যদি উদ্দেশ্য বোঝাতে ব্যবহূত হয় তবে দ্বিতীয় verb-এর আগে to বসে।	I went to the library (read) newspaper. Ans.: I went to the library to read newspaper. He repaired the boat (sell) it. Ans.: He repaired the boat to sell it.

  Rule 10:

  Description	Example
  Modal auxiliary verb যেমন : can, could, may, might, should, would, ought to, used to, must ইত্যাদি থাকলে মূল verb-এর present form হয়।	He can (do) it easily. Ans.: He can do it easily. Everybody should (respect) his parents. Ans.: Everybody should respect his parents. It may (rain) today. Ans.: It may rain today.

  Rule 11:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত sentence যদি ভবিষ্যৎ নির্দেশক শব্দ বা phrase যেমন: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in future, next ইত্যাদি থাকলে future indefinite tense হবে এবং verb-এর present form বসে।	I (go) to Dhaka tomorrow. Ans.: I shall go to Dhaka tomorrow. He (join) there the next day. Ans.: He will join there the next day.

  Rule 12:

  Description	Example
  Sentence-এর subject singular number হলে verb singular হয় এবং subject plural হলে verb plural number হয়।	The taste of the mangoes (to be) sour. Ans.: The taste of the mangoes is sour. The flowers of the garden (to be) beautiful. Ans.: The flowers of the garden are beautiful.

  Rule 13:

  Description	Example
  মূল verb-এর আগে to be বা having থাকলে verb-এর past participle form হয়।	A community center is going to be (establish). Ans.: A community center is going to be established. I do not mind (have) a cup of coffee. Ans.: I do not mind having a cup of coffee.

  Rule 14:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত It is time, it is high time, wish ইত্যাদির পরে subject ও bracket-এ মূল verb থাকলে verb-এর past form হয়।	It is time you (finish) a course on English language. Ans.: It is time you finished a course on English language. I wish I (sing). Ans.: I wish I sang.

  Rule 15:

  Description	Example
  আবার, It is time, it is high time-এর পর যদি bracket-এ মূল verb থাকে, তবে ওই verb-এর আগে to বসবে এবং ওই verb অপরিবর্তিত থাকবে।	It is time (play). Ans.: It is time to play. It is high time (stand) by the flood-affected people. Ans.: It is high time to stand by the flood-affected people.

  Rule 16:

  Description	Example
  As if, as though, wish ইত্যাদি থাকলে subject-এর পরে be verb-এর পরিবর্তে were বসে।	He behaves as if he (be) a leader. Ans.: He behaves as if he were a leader. I wish I (be) a millionaire. Ans.: I wish I were a millionaire.

  Rule 17:

  Description	Example
  As if, as though দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে প্রথম clauseটি Present tense হলে পরবর্তী clauseটি Past indefinite হয়। প্রথম clauseটি Past tense হলে পরের clauseটি Past perfect tense হয়।	He behaves as if he (buy) the car. Ans.: He behaves as if he bought the car. He spoke as though he (do) a great task. Ans.: He spoke as though he had done a great task.

  Rule 18:

  Description	Example
  While যুক্ত sentence-এ while-এর পরে verb থাকলে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়। আবার while-এর পরে subject থাকলে Past continuous tense হয়।	Q: While (take) dinner, he received the phone. A: While taking dinner, he received the phone. Q: While I (play) in the field, I saw him coming. A: While I was playing in the field, I saw him coming.

  Rule 19:

  Description	Example
  Lest দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে lest-এর পরবর্তী subject-এর সঙ্গে auxiliary verb ‘should’/‘might’ বসে।	Q : Read attentively lest you (fail) in the examination. A : Read attentively lest you should fail in the examination. Q : Walk fast lest you (be) late in your class. A : Walk fast lest you might be late in your class.

  Rule 20:

  Description	Example
  Would that দ্বারা sentence শুরু হলে subject-এর পরে could বসে এবং মূল verb-এর Present form হয়।	Would that I (be) a bird! Ans.: Would that I could be a bird! Would that I (visit) Cox’s Bazar. Ans.: Would that I could visit Cox’s Bazar.

  Rule 21:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত each, one of, every, either, neither ইত্যাদি দ্বারা কোনো subject গঠিত হলে সেটি third person singular number হয়। তাই এদের পরের verbটিও singular number হয়।	Q: Each boy (come) here. A : Each boy comes here. Q : Everybody (wish) to be happy. A : Everybody wishes to be happy.

  Rule 22:

  Description	Example
  Adjective-এর আগে the বসলে subjectটি plural হয় এবং তদনুযায়ী verb বসে।	Q : The virtuous (to be) blessed. A : The virtuous are blessed. Q : The poor (live) from hand to mouth. A : The poor live from hand to mouth.

  Rule 23:

  Description	Example
  Titles, names, phrase of measurement দেখতে plural হলেও singular verb হয়।	Q : Thirty miles (to be) a long way. A : Thirty miles is a long way. Q : Star Wars (to be) an excellent movie. A : Star Wars is an excellent movie.

  Rule 24:

  Description	Example
  কোনো sentence ‘It’ দ্বারা শুরু হলে পরবর্তী verb singular হয়।	It (to be) difficult to do. Ans.: It is difficult to do. It (to be) you who have done this. Ans.: It is you who have done this.

  Rule 25:

  Description	Example
  কোনো sentence যদি introductory there দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তারপর singular number থাকে, there-এর singular verb হয়। আর যদি there-এর পরে plural number থাকে তবে plural verb হয়।	There (to be) a big river beside our village. Ans.: There was a big river beside our village. There (to be) a lot of work left for us. Ans.: There were a lot of work left for us.

  Rule 26:

  Description	Example
  Let, had better, had rather, would better, would rather ইত্যাদি থাকলে form বসে।	I would rather die than (beg) . Ans.: I would rather die than beg. Would you let me (go) there? Ans.: Would you let me go there?

  Rule 27:

  Description	Example
  If যুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Present indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ Future indefinite হয়, অর্থাৎ structureটি হয় ‘If + Present + Future’.	If you work hard, you (prosper) in life. Ans.: If you work hard, you will prosper in life. If he reads more he (pass) in the examination. Ans.: If he reads more, he will pass in the examination.

  Rule 28:

  Description	Example
  If-যুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশে subject-এর পরে would/could/might বসে এবং verb-এর Present form হয়। অর্থাৎ, structureটি হয় ‘If + Past indefinite’—(Subject + would/could/might + verb-এর Present form).	If he agreed, I (give) the money. Ans.: If he agreed, I would give the money. If you studied, you (get) a good result. Ans.: If you studied, you would get a good result. If they tried, they (succeed). Ans.: If they tried, they would succeed.

  Rule 29:

  Description	Example
  If-যুক্ত clause-এর প্রথম অংশ Past perfect tense হলে পরের অংশে subject-এর পরে would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb-এর Past participle form হয়।	If he agreed, I (give) the money. Ans.: If he agreed, I would give the money. If you studied, you (get) a good result. Ans.: If you studied, you would get a good result. If they tried, they (succeed). Ans.: If they tried, they would succeed.

  Rule 30:

  Description	Example
  To ব্যাতিত preposition-এর পরের verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।	He is now engaged in (read). Ans.: He is now engaged in reading. One can gather knowledge by (travel). Ans.: One can gather knowledge by traveling.

  Rule 31:

  Description	Example
  Cannot help, could not help, look forward to, with a view to, get used to, mind ইত্যাদির পরে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যুক্ত হয়।	He came to Dhaka with a view to (find) a job. Ans.: He came to Dhaka with a view to finding a job. I cannot help (laugh). Ans.: I cannot help laughing.

  Rule 32:

  Description	Example
  কোনো sentence-এর শুরুতে subject-এর স্থানে verb থাকলে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়।	(To swim) is a good exercise. Ans.: Swimming is a good exercise. (To speak) is an art. Ans.: Speaking is an art.

  Rule 33:

  Description	Example
  If-যুক্ত clause-এর প্রথমটিতে subject-এর পর were থাকলে দ্বিতীয় অংশে subject-এর পরে would/could/ might বসে এবং verb-এর Present from বসে। আবার, would have/could have/would have-ও বসতে পারে। সে ক্ষেত্রে verb-এর Past participle form বসে।	If I were an artist, I (draw) a nice picture. Ans: If I were an artist, I would draw a nice picture. If I were a billionaire, I (establish) a hospital for the poor. Ans.: If I were a billionaire, I would establish a hospital for the poor.

  Rule 34:

  Description	Example
  Had-এর পরে subject এবং verb-এর Past participle থাকলে পরবর্তী clause-এর subject-এর পরে would have/could have/might have + verb-এর Past participle form বসে।	Had I been a teacher, I (talk) the real story to my students. Ans.: Had I been a teacher, I would have talked the real story to my students.

  Rule 35:

  Description	Example
  Verb ‘to be’-বিহীন sentence-কে negative বা interrogative করতে হলে tense ও subject-এর number ও person অনুসারে do, does, did ব্যবহার করতে হবে।	We not (play) Ha-du-du. Ans.: We do not play Ha-du-du. She not (play) football. Ans.: She does not play football.

  Rule 36:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত preposition—on, in of, for, from, by, after at, beyond, upon, against, with, without, before ইত্যাদি—এর পরে verb-এর সঙ্গে ing যোগ হয়।	Rina is busy in (do) her homework. Ans.: Rina is busy in doing her homework. Keep on (try) hard. Ans.: Keep on trying hard.

  Rule 37:

  Description	Example
  Interrogative sentence যদি who, what, why, which, when, where, whose, how ইত্যাদি question word দ্বারা শুরু হয়, তাহলে subject-এর আগে tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb ব্যবহার করতে হবে।	Why he (look) so happy? Ans.: Why does he look so happy? When father (come)? Ans.: When will father come?

  Rule 37:

  Description	Example
  সাধারণত নিচে লিখিত verb-গুলোর পরে gerund বসে। যেমন: admit, enjoy, report, appreciate, finish, recent, avoid, mind, resist, miss, resume, consider, postpone, risk, delay, practice, suggest, escape, imagine, save, recall, prevent, propose, stop, deny, quit ইত্যাদি।	We enjoy (watch) TV. Ans.: We enjoy watching TV. I have finished (writing). Ans.: I have finished writing.

  Examples for More Practice

  i) He usually (get) up early in the morning. ii) When father (come)? iii) Rina is busy in (do) her homework. iv) We not (play) Ha-du-du. v) He is now engaged in (read).	i) If they tried, they (succeed). ii) If you work hard, you (prosper) in life. iii) I (receive) the letter just now. iv) Neela (come) from Dhaka the day after tomorrow. v) I (get) the parcel last month.
  give — leave — try — swim — go — draw	sit — take — see — go — live
  i) They arrived the station after the train —. ii) It is many years since he — up smoking. iii) If I were an artist, I — a nice picture. iv) Keep on — hard. v) — is a good exercise.	i) Once upon a time there — a king. ii) — on the chair. iii) I feel like — a cup of tea now. iv) Many years have passed since I — him. v) I cannot but — there.

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One response to “Right form of Verb”

1. Gazi Sadek says:

   August 14, 2021 at 9:14 pm

   Rule 8, Bujtesi na

   Reply